Constellation, le dépôt institutionnel de l'Université du Québec à Chicoutimi

Résumé

Since 1988, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) has gathered research and produced reports to inform decision makers on climate change. Among crosscutting topics, ecosystem management and nature-based solutions (NBS) have received growing attention as they are readily available and relatively inexpensive. NBS are part of the Agriculture, Forestry and Other Land Uses economical sector [1]. While carbon prices can reach up to USD100 t-1 CO2-eq, greenhouse gas (GHG) land-based mitigation can be achieved for less in agriculture (e.g. soil carbon management, agroforestry, soil biochar addition), forestry (e.g. afforestation, reforestation, decreased deforestation) and using other ecosystems (e.g. peatland and wetland restoration) [1]. NBS have the potential to reduce GHG emissions by 8–14 Gt CO2-eq yr-1 between 2020–2050 [1], which represents 32–82% of the emission gap by 2030 to limit global warming between 1.5–2°C by 2100 compared with the preindustrial era [2]. In addition to CO2 removal from the atmosphere, NBS also render valuable ecosystem services such as biodiversity conservation, water and nutrient cycling regulation and soil preservation [3–6]. Several positive impacts on human well-being and sustainable development goals can also be achieved through NBS [1].